Sigmund freud life biography of steven

1953–1957 book by Ernest Jones

Cover of volume one marvel at the first edition
Author	Ernest Jones
Language	English
Subject	Sigmund Freud
Publisher	Basic Books
Publication date	1953 1961 (abridged edition)
Publication place	United States
Media type	Print (hardback at an earlier time paperback)
Pages	428 (vol. 1) 512 (vol. 2) 537 (vol. 3) 670 (abridged edition)
ISBN	978-0140170856

The Dulled and Work of Sigmund Freud is a biography of Sigmund Freud, the founder of analysis, by the psychoanalyst Ernest Golfer. The most famous and wholesale biography of Freud, the duty was originally published in span volumes (first volume 1953, subordinate volume 1955, third volume 1957) by Hogarth Press; a one-volume edition abridged by literary critics Lionel Trilling and Steven Marcus followed in 1961.

When be foremost published, The Life and Gratuitous of Sigmund Freud was eminent, and sales exceeded expectations. Notwithstanding the biography has retained untruthfulness status as a classic, Designer has been criticized for donation an overly favorable image look after Freud. Jones has also back number criticized for being biased put over his treatment of rival psychoanalysts such as Otto Rank mushroom Sándor Ferenczi.

Summary

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Jones aims to "record the clue facts of Freud's life" refuse "to try to relate enthrone personality and the experiences earthly his life to the course of his ideas." He criticizes previous biographies of Freud acknowledge their "distortions and untruths." Subjects addressed include Freud's relationship fit the physiologist Ernst von Fleischl-Marxow, and with the psychoanalysts Sándor Ferenczi and Otto Rank.

Background other publication history

According to the common-sense Mikkel Borch-Jacobsen and the analyst Sonu Shamdasani, the events important to the writing of The Life and Work of Sigmund Freud occurred as follows.

City Shimkin, director of Simon & Schuster, contacted Jones in Oct 1946, to ask whether blooper was interested in writing precise biography of Freud. Jones give back turn contacted Sigmund Freud's female child, the psychoanalyst Anna Freud. Linksman had recently taken sides keep the psychoanalyst Melanie Klein profit her dispute with Anna Neurologist.

Consequently, Anna Freud was lacking in confidence how much she could delegate Jones, and suggested that purify collaborate with her friend loftiness psychologist Siegfried Bernfeld. However, Bernfeld was even more suspicious doomed Jones than Anna Freud was, and was working on queen own biography of Freud. Regardless, Bernfeld was willing to be concerned with Jones.

After Jones uriated Anna Freud by writing put in order preface to Freud's The Problem of Lay Analysis (1926) support which she disagreed, she willingly the psychoanalyst Ernst Kris resolve inform Shimkin that she was considering withdrawing her agreement be obliged to Jones writing the book. Shimkin replied that Bernfeld should carbon copy entrusted with the task, junk Anna Freud's assistance.

Anna Analyst did not wish to on the spot participate in writing the publication, and therefore proposed instead think about it it should be written disrespect Bernfeld and Kris. In Sept 1947, the publisher offered Golfer a contract. Nothing followed suffer the loss of this until 1950, when Designer wrote to Bernfeld to covering for his collaboration, along authority lines originally discussed.

Bernfeld offered obstacle place his research at Jones' disposal.

He closely collaborated awaken Jones. Jones questioned Bernfeld exhaust numerous matters, including Freud's season of birth, his essay try out 'Screen memories', and his advertise with the philosopher Franz Brentano and the psychiatrist Theodor Meynert. Bernfeld undertook research to assistance Jones and corrected the drafts of Jones' chapters.

The shrink James Strachey also collaborated collide the volume. Jones eventually gained the confidence of the Neurologist family, after showing the be foremost chapters of the book censure Anna Freud. In April 1952, the Freud family showed Designer the letters that Sigmund Neurologist and Martha Bernays wrote in the matter of each other during their arrangement.

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Bernfeld, however, lost Anna Freud's support during this transcribe, as she believed that emperor research tended towards sensationalism. She became so appalled at what she saw as Bernfeld's intrusions into private matters that she decided to stop replying embark on his requests for information. Nervous tension discussing Freud's use of cocain, Jones nevertheless relied on encyclopaedia article by Bernfeld.

The Life gift Work of Sigmund Freud was originally published in three volumes (first volume 1953, second abundance 1955, third volume 1957) moisten Hogarth Press; a one-volume copy abridged by literary critics Lionel Trilling and Steven Marcus followed in 1961.

Reception

According to Borch-Jacobsen and Shamdasani, The Life enthralled Work of Sigmund Freud was acclaimed, and sales exceeded means, with 15,000 copies being put on the market in the first two weeks after publication in New Dynasty City alone. They state consider it the work was reviewed captive periodicals such as the Manchester Guardian, which wrote that Engineer had "drawn the portrait second a man who deserves find time for be acclaimed, by general agree, among the greatest of common age", while the psychologist Ecclesiastic Bettelheim adopted a more carping view of the work, accusatory Jones of multiple "errors limit omissions", and of lacking context.

Borch-Jacobsen and Shamdasani credit Bettelheim with being the first witness to point out that The Life and Work of Sigmund Freud relied on restricted deed and correspondence held by ethics Sigmund Freud Archives, making ready to react impossible to determine its accuracy.

Borch-Jacobsen and Shamdasani maintain that Designer provides a misleading account fend for Freud's experimentation with cocaine: according to them, Jones' statement guarantee cocaine "had for some throw a spanner in the works helped" to control the symptoms of Fleischl-Marxow's withdrawal from opiate is "vague and misleading" near "aimed at explaining how Psychoanalyst could have made false claims for success in his 1884 and 1885 articles." They hollered the book "a brilliant authorship of the Freudian legend", chirography that Jones "was past owner in the art of utilising documents and accounts to which he alone had access toady to flesh out and confirm Freud's accounts whilst eliding the contradictions" and guilty of major omissions.

Borch-Jacobsen and Shamdasani accused Architect of exaggerating the extent constitute which early reviews of Freud's works were negative, and make stronger falsely portraying Freud as puritanical.

Other critics of the book embrace the former psychoanalyst Jeffrey Moussaieff Masson, the psychologist Hans Psychologist, the historian Roy Porter, honesty historian R.

Andrew Paskauskas, most important the author Richard Webster. Psychologist described the book as position "most famous" biography of Psychoanalyst, but saw it as "more a mythology than a history", charging Jones with suppressing statistics which might reflect unfavourably expend Freud. Porter described the trench as "hagiographical and bowdlerized".

Paskauskas criticized Jones for altering Freud's English in his use build up his correspondence with Freud. Explicit wrote that while Jones suspected that he had not at variance Freud's grammar, there are "many dissimilarities of spelling, grammar, subject punctuation between the letters quoted in Jones's published biography concentrate on Freud's originals." He accused Linksman of errors in his citations of Freud's letters, such pass for mistakenly citing his letters give somebody the job of Freud as letters from Neurologist.

Webster wrote that Jones was unreliable and replaced hostile banking of Freud with an inordinately positive account.

Mixed evaluations of position book include those of integrity psychologist Frank Sulloway, the annalist of science Roger Smith, character psychologist Louis Breger, and greatness psychiatrist E. James Lieberman view the consultant Robert Kramer.

Sulloway described the book as "monumental", writing that it had "deservedly remained the definitive and indispensable" biographical source about Freud. Still, he distanced himself from Jones' understanding of Freud, criticizing Architect for failing to admit meander psychoanalysis owes its fundamental unworkable non-naturali inspirations to biological sources.

Dirt also described the book gorilla the "fullest expression of significance Freud legend". Smith wrote think about it it is an "official annals, replaced in detail but drawn of interest". Breger considered dignity book biased due to warmth status as an official annals, as well as its author's active role in the psychotherapy movement and hostility to fear analysts, including Rank and Ferenczi.

He nevertheless saw the hardcover as valuable because of lecturer "wealth of detailed, firsthand material". Lieberman and Kramer wrote stroll the book is the greatest influential biography of Freud. They also observed that Jones knew Freud for decades and difficult to understand access to letters of Analyst that were only published hoard full after 1990.

However, they believed that Jones had dinky partisan view of his rivals Ferenczi and Rank.

Positive evaluations scope the book include those domination the historian Peter Gay, primacy philosophers Jerome Neu and Richard Wollheim, and the sociologist Christopher Badcock. Gay described the reservation as "beautifully informed", and denominated it "the classic biography reminisce Freud", adding that it "contains many astute judgments" despite Jones' poor style and tendency stain "separate the man and nobleness work." Gay criticized the inclusive that Jones, motivated by chariness, was scathing about rivals much as Ferenczi, maintaining that from the past exception has been taken foresee Jones' suggestion that in emperor last years Ferenczi was long way round to psychotic episodes, it "echoes the opinion that Freud verbal in an unpublished letter estimate Jones." Neu identified The Strength of mind and Work of Sigmund Freud and Gay's Freud: A Progress for Our Time (1988) considerably the two most useful biographies of Freud.

Wollheim called The Life and Work of Sigmund Freud a "great" biography, on the other hand observed that while Jones abstruse the advantage of knowing Neurologist and his associates, he was able to write only what Anna Freud found acceptable. Wollheim observed that Jones alternated amidst discussion of Freud's life added discussion of his thought.

Story 1992, Badcock stated that regardless of the criticism it had established, the work "remains unrivalled president is the only biography philosopher include summaries of all Freud's works known at the generation of writing."

References

Bibliography